Data Prediction Strategy for ROSSMANN

Data Prediction Strategy for ROSSMANNOur task in this project is to predict 6 weeks daily gross gross revenue for 1115 Rossmann stores set across Germany. Why is this Copernican? This exit help the stores maximize their profit by focusing on specific aspects to improve and help in stocktaking management to reduce operational costs.Missing data in Rossmann was identified initially. After fine tuning the data, we did some statistical analysis on it to research the depth of data and find the major elements which argon changing our values. We made sure that our results are not colored. outline such as Principle role Analysis and Correlation Analysis has helped us know, in detail, about the data elements which are important to consider when predicting sales. We have validated the conclusions our group made in the previous presentation (exploratory analysis) about the data through the results of statistics. Many other conclusions can be drawn by just looking at the analysis in th e following sections of this report. Furthermore, we did linear regression to see the relation between customers and sales. As expected sales increased linearly with the increase in the act of customers. However, it performed poorly for other variables due to the non-linearity of the data.In Ho occasion Prices, there are a 79 factors over which we have to analyze the house prices. In enjoin to first categorize the important factors influencing house prices, correlation analysis is done. Linear Regression and Step wise regression is likewise done to determine the important features for house prices in general, and in stepwise fashion. ANOVA was done for the neighborhood and house style to check whether the mean or individual house styles and neighborhoods was diverse or not. The standard conjecture resulted false and it was displayed that individual neighborhoods and house-styles hold different average selling prices. The tests exhibited that 2.5 twaddle houses were the pricies t in house styles while 1 story houses were most popular. The NorthRidge neighborhood has the most expensive houses as per ANOVA, while North Ames comes out to be the most popular and one of the cheapest neighborhoods.Data prediction schema for ROSSMANN (for next phase)To choose our prediction method for Rossmann we considered a number of factors. First being the size of the data. The Rossmann data is extremely dense with multiple variables. Second was which variables to use for prediction. For this we did a correlation analysis on minitab and found that customers, sales and promo were the most important hence we considered them. Third the data provides no customer information (just ids). accustomed the above factors we decided to use gradient boosting method for prediction (Jain, Menon, Chandra, n.d.). Although our model improves on accuracy the main tradeoffs are reduced speed and user interpretability. We will ignore the values for the days when the stores are closed to refine the prediction.Rossmann DataStatistical Analysis StrategyMinitab was deployed to do statistical analysis such as Box maculation and Quantile Ranges, Histograms, Principle component analysis, Correlation analysis.Matlab was used to do linear regression of sales Vs Customers.Statistical analysis was done to validate the hypothesis made in the Visualization Project and to explore the data in detail. kin Price DataStatistical Analysis StrategyMinitab was used to do statistical analysis such as Stepwise Linear Regression, Correlation analysis, Residual Plots and quantify PlotsThis report first covers the Rossmann Data exploration and then House Price exploration are presented.MISSING DATATable 1 shows the values of head to head analysis of data sets go awayn in Rossmann. As shown, Store data in Test sheet is not covering the range of stores covered in Train.There are 11 records which does not give any information of whether those stores are open or they are closed. word form 1 shows that there are understandably less number of days registered in year 2014 after the 27th week. The reason for this is the missing values of 180 store IDs from 27th week to 52nd week of 2014. look 1. Year wise wind of Data RegisteredTable 1 Head to Head Analysis of Data SetsNumber of Unique ValuesUnique ValuesNA Value sum of moneyField NameTRAINTESTTRAINTESTTRAINTESTStore1115856Day of Week771,2,3,4,5,6,71,2,3,4,5,6,7Date94248Sales21734Customers4086Open221, 01, 0, NA11Promo221,00State Holiday520, a, b, c0, aSchool Holiday221,01,0Missing data set is assumed to be unrelated to actual values and may not be important. The data size is also smaller than the original data set, so ignoring the missing data will not lead to a biased result. Therefore, we considered missing data to be missing at random (Sazontyev Lim, n.d.).STATISTICAL ANALYSISQuartile RangesCustomersFigure 2. Box Plot of CustomersSalesFigure 3. Box Plot of SalesHistogramsFigure 4 and Figure 5 shows that our data is slight ly right skewed. The frequency of customers and frequency of sales are higher when their values are low.Figure 4. Histogram of CustomersFigure 5. Histogram of SalesPrinciple Component AnalysisFigure 6 shows the results of PCA in form of Scree Plot. We come after that the major effect on sales is due to customers (Component 1). Second influencing factor is the Number of stores which are open (Component 2). Promotions (Component 3) are influencing our sales but to a very low extent. We will also prove this via correlation analysis in coming sections.Figure 6. Scree plot of Train Data setCorrelation AnalysisFigure 7 shows the results of correlation analysis of the Rossmann Data. Cellular colors represent the intensity of correlations between the components. In the later sections, this correlation analysis is used to verify the results presented in visualisation project.Following are the prominent correlationsTable 2 Major Correlation ResultsPositive Correlated ComponentsCorrelation V alueNegative Correlated ComponentsCorrelation ValueCustomers Sales+0.895Sales Days of week-0.462Store Open Customers+0.617Customers Days of week-0.386Store Open Sales+0.678Stores Open Days of Week-0.529Promo Sales+0.452Promo 2 argument Distance-0.146Promo Stores Open+0.295Competition Distance Sales-0.027Sales School Holidays+0.085Promotions School Holidays-0.067Correlation MatricesVERIFICATION OF VISUALIZATION RESULTSClaim 1 Sales decrease over the week.Statistics Confirmation This take in is verified through the correlation analysis. Correlation results of Sales Vs Day of Week is -0.462 (Table 2 and Figure 7). Which clearly shows the negative correlation between these entities.Figure 8. Day wise sales trendClaim 2 Not much difference in sales when schools are open or close.Claim 3 There are more Promotions when schools are open.Statistical Confirmation Correlation between Sales and School Holidays is +0.085 (Table 2 and Figure 7). As seen in Figure 9, sales when schoo ls are closed is slightly greater than the sales when schools are open. This slight difference is proven by the small value of the correlation between these components.Also, there are more promotions when schools are open (Figure 9). This is confirmed by the negative correlation of -0.067 (Table 2 and Figure 7) between promotions and school holidays.Figure 9. Sales and Promo Comparison on School HolidaysClaim 3 Sales increase with promotions but decreases with increase in rival distance.Statistical Confirmation Promotions and Sales are positively correlated by +0.452 (Table 2 and Figure 7). This positive correlation can be seen in the claim we made in last project (Figure 10). Orange peaks are the sales when the promotions are there. And mostly they are above the blue peaks. However, from Figure 10, we also observe that with increase in competition distance, our sales decreases. And this is validated by the negative correlation of -0.027 between sales and competition distance.Figur e 10. Sales Trend with Competition DistanceLinear RegressionLinear regression results in Figure 11 (obtained from Matlab) and Residual analysis results in Figure 12 (obtained from Minitab) show how sales is regressing with respect to the customers. The R2 value obtained is 0.8, which depicts that our linear regression is close to the data. Linear regression equation and regression coefficients is shown belowB1 = 8.5238 regression coefficient/slopeb1 = 1.077 and b2 = 0.0074 Regression Equation (y = 1.077 + 0.0074x)R2 = 0.8005Figure 11. Linear RegressionFigure 12. Residual PlotSTATISTICAL ANALYSISRegression Analysis Regression EquationSalePrice = -323176 200.5 MSSubClass 116.1 LotFrontage + 0.545 LotArea+ 18697 OverallQual + 5227 OverallCond + 317.0 YearBuilt + 120.6 YearRemodAdd + 31.60 MasVnrArea + 17.39 BsmtFinSF1 + 8.36 BsmtFinSF2 + 5.01 BsmtUnfSF + 45.91 1stFlrSF + 46.68 2ndFlrSF + 34.2 LowQualFinSF + 8980 BsmtFullBath + 2490 BsmtHalfBath + 5390 FullBath 1119 HalfBath 10233 BedroomAbvGr 21931 KitchenAbvGr + 5440 TotRmsAbvGrd + 4375 Fireplaces 49.1 GarageYrBlt+ 16788 GarageCars + 6.5 GarageArea + 21.5 WoodDeckSF 2.3 OpenPorchSF+ 7.2 EnclosedPorch + 34.6 3SsnPorch + 58.0 ScreenPorch 61.3 PoolArea 3.85 MiscVal 224 MoSold 254 YrSold Regression Equation (STEPWISE)SalePrice = -714877 202.0 MSSubClass 106.7 LotFrontage + 0.545 LotArea+ 18858 OverallQual + 6073 OverallCond + 326.0 YearBuilt + 31.29 MasVnrArea+ 11.93 BsmtFinSF1 + 5.72 TotalBsmtSF + 46.77 GrLivArea + 9245 BsmtFullBath+ 6171 FullBath 10759 BedroomAbvGr 22330 KitchenAbvGr+ 5290 TotRmsAbvGrd + 4065 Fireplaces + 18107 GarageCars+ 21.04 WoodDeckSF + 53.0 ScreenPorch 59.7 PoolAreaCorrelation Analysis SalePrice MSSubClass LotFrontage LotArea OverallQualMSSubClass -0.084 0.001LotFrontage 0.352 -0.386 0.000 0.000LotArea 0.264 -0.140 0.426 0.000 0.000 0.000OverallQual 0.791 0.033 0.252 0.106 0.000 0.213 0.000 0.000OverallCond -0.078 -0.059 -0.059 -0.006 -0.092 0.003 0.023 0.040 0.830 0.000Year Built 0.523 0.028 0.123 0.014 0.572 0.000 0.288 0.000 0.587 0.000YearRemodAdd 0.507 0.041 0.089 0.014 0.551 0.000 0.121 0.002 0.599 0.000MasVnrArea 0.477 0.023 0.193 0.104 0.412 0.000 0.382 0.000 0.000 0.000BsmtFinSF1 0.386 -0.070 0.234 0.214 0.240 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000BsmtFinSF2 -0.011 -0.066 0.050 0.111 -0.059 0.664 0.012 0.084 0.000 0.024BsmtUnfSF 0.214 -0.141 0.133 -0.003 0.308 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.920 0.000TotalBsmtSF 0.614 -0.239 0.392 0.261 0.538 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0001stFlrSF 0.606 -0.252 0.457 0.299 0.476 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0002ndFlrSF 0.319 0.308 0.080 0.051 0.295 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.051 0.000LowQualFinSF -0.026 0.046 0.038 0.005 -0.030 0.328 0.076 0.183 0.855 0.245GrLivArea 0.709 0.075 0.403 0.263 0.593 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000BsmtFullBath 0.227 0.003 0.101 0.158 0.111 0.000 0.894 0.000 0.000 0.000BsmtHalfBath -0.017 -0.002 -0.007 0.048 -0.040 0.520 0.929 0.802 0.066 0.125FullBath 0.561 0.132 0.199 0.126 0.551 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000HalfBat h 0.284 0.177 0.054 0.014 0.273 0.000 0.000 0.064 0.586 0.000BedroomAbvGr 0.168 -0.023 0.263 0.120 0.102 0.000 0.371 0.000 0.000 0.000KitchenAbvGr -0.136 0.282 -0.006 -0.018 -0.184 0.000 0.000 0.834 0.497 0.000TotRmsAbvGrd 0.534 0.040 0.352 0.190 0.427 0.000 0.123 0.000 0.000 0.000Fireplaces 0.467 -0.046 0.267 0.271 0.397 0.000 0.082 0.000 0.000 0.000GarageYrBlt 0.486 0.085 0.070 -0.025 0.548 0.000 0.002 0.018 0.355 0.000GarageCars 0.640 -0.040 0.286 0.155 0.601 0.000 0.126 0.000 0.000 0.000GarageArea 0.623 -0.099 0.345 0.180 0.562 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000WoodDeckSF 0.324 -0.013 0.089 0.172 0.239 0.000 0.631 0.002 0.000 0.000OpenPorchSF 0.316 -0.006 0.152 0.085 0.309 0.000 0.816 0.000 0.001 0.000EnclosedPorch -0.129 -0.012 0.011 -0.018 -0.114 0.000 0.646 0.711 0.484 0.0003SsnPorch 0.045 -0.044 0.070 0.020 0.030 0.089 0.094 0.015 0.436 0.246ScreenPorch 0.111 -0.026 0.041 0.043 0.065 0.000 0.320 0.152 0.099 0.013PoolArea 0.092 0.008 0.206 0.078 0.065 0.000 0.752 0.000 0.003 0.013 MiscVal -0.021 -0.008 0.003 0.038 -0.031 0.418 0.769 0.907 0.146 0.230MoSold

Mother Courage and her Children Essay -- Bertolt Brecht Plays Tragedie

Mother Courage and her Children Mother Courage and her Children, by Bertolt Brecht, is a duck soup which can be seen from varying perspectives. Some consider it to be a comment on the socio-economic aspects of war, others as a criticism of bourgeois capitalism intended to encourage depart in modern participation. The somewhat tragic events of the play enable critics to consider it a tragedy, and one which, to some extent, diverges from the Aristotelian definition. Aristotle believed that tragedy essential revolve around a central character the tragic hero, on whom the plot focuses and who exhibits certain characteristics, which make passs to his, though in this particular case, her, downfall. The role of much(prenominal) a figure is pivotal to the presentation of a play as a tragedy yet it remains largely un net with which character inwardly the play this identity lies Mother Courage herself, or her daughter, Kattrin.Perhaps the most obvious potential tragic figure is the le ad character within the play Mother Courage. She demonstrates an ability to survive, through which the audience recognizes her strength of character and instinct of self-preservation. This links closely with her sense of capitalism, which she prioritizes over alternative, more virtuous qualities presented within the play, such(prenominal) as Swiss Cheeses honesty and Kattrins selflessness. Mother Courages rigid capitalist stance can be interpreted as her tragic flaw, or tragic flaw, the term Aristotle uses to describe the mistake leading to the protagonists downfall. It is a flaw that Mother Courage consistently exhibits and a mistake which occurs thrice in the deaths of her children, as she is heedless conducting business on all three occasions. However, despite her apparent detachment towards her children, it is evident that Mother Courage harbours genuine concern for the well-being of her children in a discussion with Cook over future prospects, she states, all Im after is (to) get meself and children through all this with my cart.In the juxtaposition created by the reluctant confederacy of the roles of the mother and the tradeswoman, it is perhaps foremost a tragic contradiction within Mother Courages character, rather than her role as a tragic heroine, that is emphasized. Alternatively, this contrast could be interpreted as an indication that Mother Courage is morally neither all good nor all bad... ...her tragic flaw.There is a clear obstacle in Kattrins position as a tragic heroine in that she is not the central character, making it difficult to envisage her as the true tragic heroine of the play. However, she could not realistically carry the lead role in such a play due to her muteness, as it would hinder characterization and plot development. Nevertheless, Kattrin is on stage for a considerable proportion of the play, suggesting that although she may not hold the most prominent position, she acts as a closely connected tragic antithesis to the le ad role, Mother Courage. In conclusion, it could be argued that either of these two women in Mother Courage and her Children could be described loosely as a tragic heroine, but I believe that Kattrin displays the heroism and virtue that are required to be considered worthy of this title Mother Courage is absorbed in a society where the possession of heroic qualities is not only impossible, but irrelevant. The combination of tragic circumstances with Brechts Verfremdung technique prevents tragedy from overpowering other aspects of the play, which accounts for the difficulty in identifying a true Aristotelian tragic hero.

The Axiological Dimension of Tolerance :: Psychological Social Papers

The Axiological Dimension of ToleranceABSTRACT I contend that tolerance is not the expression of a childly attitude, but constitutes a moral value which penetrates all spheres of social life. My argument assumes that globalization is a fundamental tendency of the contemporary world and that the ideal of much(prenominal) a world cannot be enacted without tolerance. After identifying the constituent elements of this value and its conditions of functioning, we conclude that any reconstruction of human society from the globalization point of view presumes tolerance as a fundamental factor. Functional tolerance assumes that everyone enjoys similar education in the spirit of tolerance at any age and any level. The upcoming of humanity depends upon such a solution in the face of current woes. Overthrown to most intimate structures, the contemporary society sets itself again on the principle of globality. An senior(a) global tendency is asking its right to existence. Indisputably, the a mpleness and the gravity of the problems confronting the humankind need a global approach, in order to find the saving solution. But globality or mondialization does not mean a uniform and indistinct totality swarming with the slogan of economic efficiently, no matter how important would it be. A such point of view, if it exists in somebodys mind, is a monstrosity and it cannot be accepted as such.Justified by the condition of the humankind in this millenium end, globalization presumes the difference and coexistent singleities on the solid ground of common and unanimous accepted values and ideals. In turn, the difference entails the democracy as a constitutive part of a mondializing process. Of course, it is not about a globalization of the democracy, but a need of democracy, which asserts itself in different forms and situation on all the meridians of the earth.It is quite clear that the diversity and democracy are ones of that is named at once postmodernism. To live in a world, which is evolving or should be in accordance with these principles is near impossible out of the tolerance. Among others, the tolerance becomes necessarily the guiding star of the individual and human community by their will and action to reach the noble ideals of Good, Prosperity and Peace.But what is tolerance? Keeping its agent from the Latin, the notion of tolerance means to support, to allow, enduring. These meanings refer to behavior expressing the acceptance of the individual, community or situation embodied difference. It could be talking about an ontological sense of the tolerance appearing in the endless variety of the manifesting existence forms.

Julius Caesar - Mark Antony Essay -- essays research papers

Mark Antony, in the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, was a brave, intelligent, pleasure-loving, and cunning man. He was loyal to his friend, Caesar, whom he considered a true friend. He looked at life as a game in which he had a signified part to play, and played that part with excellent refinement and skill. Antony was devoted and preferable to be dependent upon Julius Caesar since he rather have enjoyed life than to claim the highest position in the government. He wanted the crown to be given to Caesar so that all conflicts could be avoided. However, this additional power contributed to the conspirators motive to assassinate him. Antony was distraught with Caesars death and sought revenge first by speaking to the crowd in his speech. He showed how clever and cunning he could be when he convinced the crowd at Caesars funeral ceremony to side with him and not with the murderers. The people became excited and strong-armer when he teased them about the will, waving it in the air a nd pretending as if he was not going to read it. Reverse psychology is use when he first pretends to respect the conspirators calling them honorable men, and then slowly proving that they are not. He speaks out against them because he wanted power for himself, and unlike Brutus, he is politically ambitious and so believes that if he can take control while the state is in turmoil, he will remain in power. He was alone in making this oration, yet he was confidant in himself and courageous. Rome began...

Censorship Essay -- essays research papers fc

CensorshipThe freedom to read is essential to the democratic way of life. just now today, thatfreedom is under attack. Private groups and public authorities everywhere areworking to remove both accommodates and periodicals from sale, to exclude certain booksfrom public naturalises, to censor and privacy magazines and newspapers, and tolimit "controversial" books and periodicals to the general public. Thesuppression of reading materials is suppression of creative thought. Books andperiodicals are not the only ones being suppressed by pressures to the politicaland friendly systems. They are also being brought against the educational system,films, radio, television, and against the graphic and theatre arts. However orwhenever these attacks occur, they usually fall at least one of the followingcategories faithWar & Peace (Violence)Sociology & RaceLanguageDrugsSexInappropriate Adolescent BehaviourWhat is Obscenity? Clearly something hard to talk some constructively.&q uotObscenity" is difficult to discuss honestly. After all, what makes a thingobscene? It is Something too vague perhaps to be defined. Its an elusive termwe use, but cant explain. contrasting people often see things differently. Somesee obscenity in nude pictures, statues, paintings, etc. While others find lessobscenity in these things. all(a) the same, "obscene" isnt the same as "wrong" or"bad". Clearly obscenity is not identical with evil. It only covers a singlesegment of it. further what is that segment? A look at the words "obscenity" and"pornography" suggests that it is a segment that didnt worry people very muchtill comparatively recently.Though censorship was known in english law quite early on, it wasnt forobscenity but for heresy and sedition."Undue" exploitation of sex" is what deplorable law in Canada prohibits. This is how criminal law defines obscenity.But it is rather vague. It doesnt differentiate between &quo tordinary obscenity"and "hard-core pornography." The first denoting the ordinary run of "girliemagazines and the jiffy denoting pictures , literature and so on that deal withrape, sadism, masochism, bestiality, necrophilia and other perversions. Peopletend to object far more to "hard-core pornography." Another distinctionregrettably overlo... ...m that mainly frowns upon the violence againstwomen. There should indeed be access to most types of literature, but in varyingdegrees of freedom, determined not by censorship, but by controlled access.Parents are trying to protect their children from the harsh realities of life,but are they really helping, or hindering?BibliographyThe Censorship Iceberg The results of a survey of challenges in school andpublic libraries. By Dr. David Jenkins. School Libraries in Canada. Fall, 1985.v.6 n.1 p19-22Sanitized textbooks reflect a pious paradise that never was. By June Callwood.The Globe and Mail. March 18, 1987. pA2-A3Suf fer the midget children. By Janet Collins. Books in Canada. October 1991.v.20 n.7 p25-27Court bans humanist books from Alabama public schools. By Robin Toner. TheGlobe and Mail. March 5, 1987. pA10Censorship in the childrens library. By Rupert Colley. The Junior Bookshelf.June 1990. v.54 n.3 p121-123Censorship News. take a hop 1985. n20Limits of criminal law - obscenity a test case. By The Law Reform Commissionworking paper no. 10. p7-9Censorship stopping the book banners. By the book and periodical developmentcouncil. August 1988. p1-17

Hunchback of Notre Dame :: essays research papers

THE HUNCHBACK OF NOTRE DAMEIn Paris, under the reign of Louis XI, the annual Festival of Fools is underway. From atop the aright Notre Dame cathedral, Quasimodo, a deformed hunchback who rings the bells, looks down on the crowd in contempt. Also in the crowd is Dom Claude, the kindly priest of Notre Dame, and his iniquity brother, Jehan. Clopin, a gypsy who has been crowned "King of the Beggars," calls for his adopted girl Esmeralda to dance for the group. As Esmeralda passes by the window of Gudule, the old woman curses her, for years before her daughter had been stolen by gypsies. Esmeralda dances for the crowd, while high above in the palace of Louis XI, Phoebus, a young captain of the guard, admires the pretty girl, though he is betrothed to Fleur de Lis, the niece of Madame de Gondelaurier. That night, Jehan has Quasimodo abduct Esmeralda for him, still Phoebus is on patrol and thwarts the attempt. Phoebus takes Esmeralda out for a late supper and attempts to ensnar e her with his charms. She is wearing a necklace given to her by her mother when she was a baby which she says protects her from all evil. Phoebus has a change of heart and decides not to force his attentions on the girl, though she appears to be willing. The Court of Miracles is the hideout for all the beggars of Paris, so named because here the blind see, and the lame walk. Gringoire, a harmless poet, has stumbled into the Court and is about to be hanged by the mob, but Esmeralda intercedes and he is released. Hereafter, Gringoire becomes her faithful servant. Quasimodo is tried for his attack on Esmeralda and is ordered to be lashed for an hour in the public square. He is beaten brutally and at the end of the time, he cries for water. Esmeralda, pitying the poor beast brings him a drink and Quasimodo is forever in her debt. Quasimodo likewise does not forget how Jehan betrayed him, and he hates him thereafter.Madame Gondelaurier gives a ball and Phoebus brings Esmeralda, dressed in the finest of clothes, and introduces her as a Princess of Egypt. Clopin has learned that Phoebus has taken Esmeralda as his plaything, and he breaks into the ball demanding her return. To foil bloodshed, Esmeralda leaves with Clopin, broken hearted. Esmeralda has Gringoire bring a note to Phoebus asking him to meet her one last time at

The Child King Henry VII got married in 1509, 1533, 1536, 1540 (twice),

The Child King total heat VII got married in 1509, 1533, 1536, 1540 (twice), and 1543 - wherefore?Henry VIII is one of the few English monarchs recognizable even in America, for his antics are legendary on both sides of the Atlantic. He is as notorious for killing important people as he is for getting married six times and his break with Rome. Indeed, Henrys reign would make a unspoilt suspicious book, for he was always off on some new half-baked project, be it invading France or plotting a crusade. His whole life was marked by impulsiveness and his OK, that was fun, whats next? attitude. He never outgrew many childlike character traits, at times stubborn and the next moment almost a gullible pushover. This childish disposition is the key to why he got married so many times, even after his heir was born. Henry VIII was impetuous and impatient, and his abandonment of repeated marriages reflects a pattern of immaturity throughout his reign. It will be helpful to get a sense of Hen rys character and personality before applying this directly to his gustatory perception for wedding. His immaturity can be traced back to his sheltered upbringing and lack of responsibility, remarkable even for a king. As a child Henry was patently never given any responsibility, however circumscribed, for state affairs during his fathers lifetime, or any taste of independence (Scarisbrick 6). Henry VII was very overprotective of his son, and the son lived a nearly cloistered life. The historian Weir writes, He was not permitted to leave the palace unless it was it was by a private door into the park, and then only in the company of specially appointed persons. No one dared approach him or speak to him. He spent most of his time in a populate that led off the kings be... ...onal view of marriage which conflicted with the strategic role of marriage in his time. He was, in short, a childish, irresponsible egomaniac, and it was probably a good thing that he let his advisors do most of the ruling for him. Works CitedBagley, J.J. Henry VIII. London B.T. Batsford Ltd., 1962Bowle, John. Henry VIII. London George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1964Douglass, David C. ed. English Historical Documents Volume V 1485-1558. London Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1967Mackie, J.D. The Earlier Tudors 1485-1558. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1952St. Clare Byrne, M. ed. The Letters of King Henry VIII. London Cassell and Company Ltd., 1936Scarisbrick, J.J. Henry VIII. New Haven Yale University Press, 1969Starkey, David. Six Wives The Queens of Henry VIII. London Chatto & Windus, 2003Weir, Alison. Henry VIII. London Pimlico, 2001